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Welsh Child Protection Systematic Review Group
A series of systematic reviews defining the evidence base for the recognition and investigation of physical child abuse and neglect, more details....

 

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Bites review - Is this an abusive bite?

Review updated June 2009

Key messages

Bites are a relatively common injury to children, with approximately 1/600 children attending A&E having been bitten by humans1,2.   Many of these will be caused by other children.  An abusive bite however is unique among physical injuries as it can potentially identify (or exclude) a specific perpetrator, occasionally enhanced by DNA retrieval3-5.  This review aims to characterise the clinical features of an abusive bite so that it can be recognised by clinicians, to enable appropriate forensic dental referral.

No new studies were added following the 2009 update.

References

1. Schweich P, Fleischer G. Human bites in children. Pediatr Emerg Care 1985;1(2):51-53 [Pubmed]
2. Baker MD, Moore SE. Human bites in children. A six-year experience. Am J Dis Child 1987;141:1285-90 [Abstract]
3. Fischman SL. Bite Marks. Alpha Omegan 2002;95(4):42-46 [Pubmed]
4. Lovell MA, McDaniel NL. Association of hypertrophic maxillary frenulum with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. J Pediatr 1995;127(5):749-750 [Pubmed]
5. Wagner GN. Bitemark identification in child abuse cases. Pediatric Dentistry 1986;8(1):96-100 [Pubmed citation only]
6. Levine LJ (1973) The solution of a battered-child homicide by dental evidence: report of case. Journal of the American Dental Association 87(6):1234-1236 [Pubmed citation only]
7. ABFO. American Board of Forensic Odontology
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